Sažetak

Uvod: Rana mobilizacija (RM) uključuje fizioterapijske intervencije usmjerene na smanjenje komplikacija dugotrajnog ležanja, skraćenje boravka u JIL-u i prevenciju funkcionalne onesposobljenosti. Pravovremeno započinjanje RM značajno utječe na ishode liječenja, uključujući skraćenje trajanja mehaničke ventilacije i poboljšanje funkcionalnog statusa pacijenata.

Cilj: Istražiti metode RM u Jedinici intenzivnog liječenja, optimalno vrijeme započinjanja provedbe te učinke RM na ishode liječenja.

Materijali i metode: Literatura je pretraživana u PubMed/MEDLINE i Cochrane Library bazama, koristeći ključne riječi: intensive care unit, rehabilitation, physiotherapy, physiotherapy interventions, mechanical ventilation, early physiotherapy, early mobilisation, respiratory physiotherapy, recovery, functional recovery. Analizirano je 14 relevantnih radova.

Rezultati: RM pokazuje značajan učinak na brži oporavak, prevenciju komplikacija i jačanje funkcionalne neovisnosti pacijenata u JIL-u.

Zaključak: Integracija RM u svakodnevnu praksu jedinica intenzivne skrbi ključna je za optimalne ishode liječenja.

Ključne riječi: Rana mobilizacija, jedinica intenzivnog liječenja, fizioterapijske intervencije

Abstract

Introduction: Early mobilization (EM) encompasses physiotherapy interventions aimed at reducing complications of prolonged bed rest, shortening ICU stay, and preventing functional disability. The timing of EM initiation is a key factor affecting treatment outcomes, including reduced duration of mechanical ventilation and improved patient functional status.

Objective: To explore early mobilization methods in the ICU, determine optimal timing for implementation, and assess EM effects on treatment outcomes.

Materials and methods: Literature was searched in PubMed/MEDLINE and Cochrane Library databases using keywords: intensive care unit, rehabilitation, physiotherapy, physiotherapy interventions, mechanical ventilation, early physiotherapy, early mobilisation, respiratory physiotherapy, recovery, functional recovery. Fourteen relevant studies were analyzed.

Results: EM demonstrates significant benefits in faster recovery, complication prevention, and strengthening patients' functional independence in the ICU.

Conclusion: Integration of EM into routine ICU practice is essential for optimizing patient outcomes.

Keywords: Early mobilization, intensive care unit, physiotherapy interventions